The Imperial Japanese Army Headquarters did not immediately communicate the ceasefire order to the Kwantung Army, and many elements of the Army either did not understand it or ignored it. On economic grounds, Manchuria was worth defending since it had the bulk of usable industry and raw materials outside Japan and was still under Japanese control in 1945. Wilson Center Digital Archive, digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/122333. Most of its heavy military equipment and all of its best military units had been transferred to the Pacific Front over the previous three years to contend with the advance of American and Allied forces. The attack involved striking towards Mudanjiang (or Mutanchiang),[1] and once that city was captured, the force was to advance towards the cities of Jilin (or Kirin), Changchun, and Harbin. The Kwantung Army had a formidable reputation as fierce and relentless fighters, and even though weak and unprepared, they put up strong resistance in the town of Hailar, which tied down some of the Soviet forces. East Lansing, Michigan State University Press. II Imperial Japanese Army in Manchuria (1894–1945) Historical Summary, Vol. Phillips, S. (2004). On September 8, American force… With Soviet support for the spread of communism,[43] Manchuria provided the main base of operations for Mao Zedong's forces, who proved victorious in the following four years of the Chinese Civil War. On August 9, Soviet forces invaded northern Korea. IV AIR OPERATIONS (1931–1945) Plans and Preparations, Vol. In 1910, Japan officially took control of Korea and renamed it Chosen. The 1st Far East Front, under Marshal Kirill Meretskov, was to form the eastern half of the pincer movement. The Japanese occupation of Korea began in 1910 and ended at the end of World War II in 1945. Both governments asserted their legitimacy and refused to acknowledge the other. In an attempt to reunify the peninsula under communist rule, on June 25, 1950, with Soviet approval, North Korea launched an assault on South Korea. The Korean War took place between 1950 and 1953. The Soviets did nothing to discourage the Japanese hopes and drew the process out as long as possible but continued to prepare their invasion forces. Japan wanted a land, so they tried to invade Korea. NeverWas. p.221. [24] Since 1983, the operation has sometimes been called Operation August Storm, after American Army historian Lieutenant-Colonel David Glantz used this title for a paper on the subject. Japanese law only allowed children fathered by Japanese fathers to become Japanese citizens. He argues that Japan's leaders were impacted more by the swift and devastating Soviet victories on the mainland in the week after Joseph Stalin's August 8 declaration of war because the Japanese strategy to protect the home islands was designed to fend off an Allied invasion from the south and left virtually no spare troops to counter a Soviet threat from the north. [1] Its naval forces contained 12 major surface combatants, 78 submarines, numerous amphibious craft, and the Amur River flotilla, consisting of gunboats and numerous small craft. Japanese occupation of Korea lasted until 1945 when the Japanese were defeated in World War II. The idea of surrender was incomprehensible to the Japanese people, and combined with Hirohito's use of formal and archaic language, the fact that he did not use the word "surrender", the poor quality of the broadcast, and the poor lines of communication, there was some confusion for the Japanese about what the announcement meant. 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