He followed a winding route east, first cutting through Egypt and Syria before sailing for Turkey. Forced by lack of communications to choose a more indirect route, Ibn Battuta turned northward, again passed Egypt and Syria, and boarded ship for Asia Minor (Anatolia) in Latakia. Ibn Battuta was from a family that produced a number of Muslim judges (qadis). He enjoyed the generosity and benevolence of numerous sultans, rulers, governors, and high dignitaries in the countries he visited, thus securing an income that enabled him to continue his wanderings. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). His full name, as given in the Rihla, was Shams al-Din AbuâAbdallah Muhammad ibnâAbdallah ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Lawati al-Tanji ibn Battuta and all that is known of his family comes from the Rihla which records references to his education and provides his lineage.He seems to have gone by the na⦠In 1325, at the age of 21, he started his travels by undertaking the pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca. Ibn Battuta, Moroccan explorer, in Egypt. Battuta’s next few years were a whirlwind of travel. Author of "The Chronology of Ibn Battute's Travels" in. The brand is specialized in procuring and promoting high-quality accessories for mobile phones, tablets, laptops & smartphones. Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta (24. februar 1304âca. All Rights Reserved. He spent the next year dictating his story to a writer named Ibn Juzayy. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Ibn Battuta spent the years between 1327 and 1330 in Mecca and Medina leading the quiet life of a devotee, but such a long stay did not suit his temperament. He joined a caravan and toured Persia and Iraq, and later ventured north to what is now Azerbaijan. Ibn Battuta and Ibn Juzayy acknowledge Ibn Jubayr in the descriptions of Aleppo and Damascus. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Ibn Battuta, medieval Muslim traveler and author of one of the most famous travel books, the Rihlah. “I set out alone,” he later remembered, “having neither fellow-traveler in whose companionship I might find cheer, nor caravan whose party I might join, but swayed by an overmastering impulse within me and a desire long-cherished in my bosom to visit these illustrious sanctuaries.”. Ibn Battuta, a Muslim traveler, was born Feb. 25, 1304, in Tangier, Morocco. According to his narrative, he undertook an excursion from Saray to Bulgary on the upper Volga and Kama, but there are reasons to doubt his veracity on that point. Ibn Battuta Mall is located adjacent to Sheikh Zayed Road between interchanges 5 and 6. Still thirsty for adventure, the Moroccan set out at the head of a large caravan brimming with gifts and slaves. He worked as a qadi in various places, including Delhi, the Maldives, and possibly Morocco toward the end of his life. Ibn Battuta trekked across many lands He first ventured out when he was only twenty-one and journeyed the entire eastern hemisphere until he was over fifty years of age. The goal of the game is to complete a tour, like Ibn Battuta did. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ibn-Battuta, The Mariners' Museum and Park - The Ages of Exploration - Biography of Ibn Battuta, MuslimHeritage - Biography of Ibn Battutah, Indiana University - Biography of Ibn Battuta, Ibn Battutah - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Ibn Battutah - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Battuta had never kept journals during his adventures, but when he returned to Morocco for good in 1354, the country’s sultan ordered him to compile a travelogue. The men in Ibn Battutaâs family were legal scholars and he was raised with a focus on education. Born in Tangier, Morocco, Ibn Battuta came of age in a family of Islamic judges. Though modern scholars often question the veracity of Battuta's writings—he may never have visited China, for example, and many of his accounts of foreign lands appear to have been plagiarized from other authors' works—the Rihla is a fascinating look into the world of a 14th-century vagabond. A chance to escape finally presented itself in 1341, when the sultan selected Battuta as his envoy to the Mongol court of China. Ibn Battuta was simply a 'traveller' and was not out to discover new lands. Ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹ah was a medieval Muslim traveler who wrote one of the worldâs most famous travel logs, the Riḥlah. On the other hand, the narrative of his visit to Constantinople (now Istanbul) in the retinue of the khanâs wife, a Byzantine princess, seems to be an eyewitness record, although there are some minor chronological discrepancies. Our editors will review what youâve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. When he finally returned home after 29 years, he recorded his escapades in a hulking travelogue known as the Rihla. Ibn Battuta was born in the medina (non-European quarter) of Tangier, Morocco, 25 February 1304 CE. He was 21 years old and eager for more learning and more adventure. Hindu rebels harassed his group during their journey to the Indian coast, and Battuta was later kidnapped and robbed of everything but his pants. However, there are services departing from Ibn Battuta Metro Bus Stop and arriving at Al Ain - Zoo via Abu Dhabi and Al Ain - Bus Station. No, there is no direct bus from Ibn Battuta Mall to Al Ain Zoo. That renown was to follow later, however. Download our App. In 1325, at age 21, he left his homeland for the Middle East. Although he shared the strong opinions of his fellow Muslims toward unbelievers, his account of the âsecond Romeâ shows him as a rather tolerant man with a lively curiosity. Arriving in the city of Delhi in 1334, he won employment as a judge under Muhammad Tughluq, a powerful Islamic sultan. He remained in the idyllic islands for the next year, gorging on coconuts, taking several wives and once again serving as an Islamic judge. His return journey took him to southern Arabia, Oman, Hormuz, southern Persia, and across the Persian Gulf back to Mecca in 1332. The string of disasters left Battuta stranded and disgraced. He took rather complicated routes through KhorÄsÄn and Afghanistan, and, after crossing the Hindu Kush mountain range, he arrived at the frontiers of India on the Indus River on September 12, 1333, by his own dating. © 2021 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Ibn Battuta Mall is the biggest themed shopping mall in Dubai with more than 400 outlets. He was loath to return to Delhi and face the sultan, however, so he elected to make a sea voyage south to the Indian Ocean archipelago of the Maldives. Ibn Battuta (crater) - Ibn Battuta is a small lunar impact crater on the Mare Fecunditatis, a lunar mare in the eastern part of the Moon's near side. In 1325, at age 21, he left his homeland for the Middle East. For sheer distance covered, however, Polo trails far behind the Muslim scholar Ibn Battuta. ZOOT is the only organized retail brand of mobile device accessories in India and Middle East, having 12 exclusive and 15 franchise stores across India and Middle East. Az eredeti cikk szerkesztÅit annak laptörténete sorolja fel. Fordítás. His journey continued across the Black Sea to the Crimean Peninsula, then to the northern Caucasus and to Saray on the lower Volga River, capital of the khan of the Golden Horde, Ãz Beg (ruled 1312â41). Those studies qualified him for judicial office, whereas the claim of being a former pupil of the then-outstanding authorities in traditional Islamic sciences greatly enhanced his chances and made him thereafter a respected guest at many courts. In Egypt, Battuta studied Islamic law and toured Alexandria and the metropolis of Cairo, which he called “peerless in beauty and splendor.” He then continued on to Mecca, where he took part in the hajj. From Cairo, Ibn Battuta set out via Upper Egypt to the Red Sea but then returned and visited Syria, there joining a caravan for Mecca. While Ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹ah did not explore new lands or contribute much to our knowledge of geography, his Riḥlah has tremendous documentary value because of its detailed accounts of social, cultural, and political aspects of much of the Islamic world at the time. In 1345, four years after first leaving India, he arrived at the bustling Chinese port of Quanzhou. Serves Arabian, Middle Eastern, Healthy Food. Ibn Battuta was received cordially and generously by all the local rulers and heads of religious brotherhoods (ÄkhÄ«s). His great work describes his extensive travels covering some 75,000 miles (120,000 km) in trips to almost all of the Muslim countries and as far as China and Sumatra (now part of Indonesia). He is believed to have worked as a judge in Morocco and died sometime around 1368, but little else is known about him. Your opinion is of great value to us, therefore if you have any comments, questions or suggestions, please contact us at: General Enquiries. Having more than 270 shops, 50 restaurants, a 21-screen cinema and over 4,500 parking spaces on a total of 521,000 m 2 (5,610,000 sq ft), Ibn Battuta is the world's largest themed shopping mall. Using a map of Ibn Battuta's journey, create squares that follow Ibn Battuta⦠Itâs close to the Strait of Gibraltar â where Africa and Europe almost meet. From there, he visited the Somali city of Mogadishu before dipping below the equator and exploring the coasts of Kenya and Tanzania. Oaks Ibn Battuta Dubai is a great hotel to explore Dubai from. AbÅ« âAbd AllÄh Muḥammad Ibn âAbd AllÄh al-LawÄtÄ« al-TanjÄ« Ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹a, cunoscut sub numele de Ibn Battuta, (n.25 februarie 1304 - 1369) a fost un cunoscut explorator arab Èi un negustor itinerant care a cÄlÄtorit în toate ÈÄrile lumii islamice - de la Bolgar pânÇ la Mombasa, din Timbuktu pânÇ în China. He was educated toward this end in his hometown of Tangier. To this day his books are studied by students of history since very few travellers have been able ⦠He intended to complete his hajj—the Muslim pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca—but he also wished to study Islamic law along the way. It's faster and more easy to use Because of that discrepancy, his subsequent dating until 1348 is highly uncertain. Having finished the pilgrimage in 1326, he crossed the Arabian Desert to Iraq, southern Iran, Azerbaijan, and Baghdad. Thus, his narrative provides a valuable source for the history of that country between the end of the Seljuq power and the rise of the house of Ottoman. Ibn Battuta â¦most famous travel books, the Riḥlah ( Travels ). The Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta is known as the greatest traveller of premodern times. Ibn Battuta asked for a job from the Muslim king of India, Muhammad Tughluq. He was welcomed at Uzbeg’s court, and later accompanied one of the Khan’s wives to Constantinople. Create a social media stream, with one person playing Ibn Battuta and others playing other people who show up in his account. China marked the beginning of the end of Battuta’s travels. That he achieved his objectives is corroborated by long enumerations of scholars and Sufi (Islamic mystic) saints whom he met and also by a list of diplomas conferred on him (mainly in Damascus). Staff member, Oriental Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, 1953â92. Battuta stayed in the Byzantine city for a month, visiting the Hagia Sophia and even receiving a brief audience with the emperor. Ibn Battuta in Egypt. In the 14th century, the Moroccan wanderer Ibn Battuta spent nearly 30 years traveling some 75,000 miles across Africa, the Middle East, India and Southeast Asia. Board Game. Though little known outside the Islamic world, Battuta spent half his life tramping across vast swaths of the Eastern Hemisphere. After making a stopover in Sri Lanka, he rode merchant vessels through Southeast Asia. Upon leaving Africa, Battuta hatched a plan to travel to India, where he hoped to secure a lucrative post as a “qadi,” or Islamic judge. He crisscrossed that âland of the Turksâ in many directions at a time when Anatolia was divided into numerous petty sultanates. A Muslim Odyssey: The Travels of Ibn Battuta. Ibn Battuta (IHâ¢buhn baâ¢TOOâ¢tah) was a famous Muslim traveler who visited many different places more than 500 years ago. Haji pertama. Nevertheless, he always felt happier in the realm of Islam than in non-Muslim lands, whether Christian, Hindu, or pagan. From Saray he traveled with a caravan to Central Asia, visiting the ancient towns of Bukhara, Samarkand, and Balkh, all of those still showing the scars left by the Mongol invasion. Ibn Battuta reported that he experienced culture shock in some of the regions he visited. Make a board game. In a month i change 3 times already the edges are delicate it keeps on breaking very very disappointing. Ibn Battutaâs most popular book is The Travels of Ibn Battutah. (Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images). Ibn Battuta, also spelled Ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹ah, in full AbÅ« Ê¿Abd AllÄh Muḥammad ibn Ê¿Abd AllÄh al-LawÄtÄ« al-ṬanjÄ« ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹ah, (born February 24, 1304, Tangier, Moroccoâdied 1368/69 or 1377, Morocco), the greatest medieval Muslim traveler and the author of one of the most famous travel books, the Riḥlah (Travels). After his return from Constantinople through the Russian steppes, he continued his journey in the general direction of India. Omissions? Both of Battuta’s parents had died by then, so he only remained for a short while before making a jaunt to Spain. He managed to make it to the port of Calicut, but on the eve of an ocean voyage, his ships blew out to sea in a storm and sank, killing many in his party. At many points in his travels, he was showered with gifts of fine clothes, horses and even concubines and slaves. I paid 180 aed and everytime you change we pay 21. The route was rugged and bandit infested, and the young traveler soon developed a fever so severe that he was forced to tie himself to his saddle to avoid collapsing. It appears that after a lifetime spent on the road, the great wanderer was finally content to stay in one place. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. There a new, ambitious plan matured in his mind. His great work describes his extensive travels covering some 75,000 miles (120,000 km) in trips to almost all of the Muslim countries and as far as China and Sumatra (now part of Indonesia).⦠The accuracy of that date is doubtful, as it would have been impossible to cover such enormous distances (from Mecca) in the course of only one year. Ibn Battuta was born in Tangier, part of modern-day Morocco, in 1304. For 29 years he journeyed through much of the Dar al-Islam, or the World of Islam.On his travels he met nearly every Muslim leader who ruled at that time. Ibn Battuta was born in Tangier, Morocco into a family of Muslim legal scholars in 1304. Muhámmad ibn Battuta empecipió'l so viaxe con mires de realizar el hajj o pelegrinación a La Meca que constitúi unu de los cinco pilastres del islam, y de visitar la tumba de Mahoma en Medina.Partió de Tánger, según la so crónica, el 2 de rayab del 725 de la Hégira, 13 de xunu de 1325, «solo, ensin compañeru con que la so amistá refalfiame nin caravana a la que xuntame». Then in 1325, he left Tangier to make a pilgrimage to Mecca (in Islam this pilgrimage is called the "hajj.") His unique and mostly reliable historiography remains valuable for the study of history. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! At first his purpose was to fulfill that religious duty and to broaden his education by studying under famous scholars in Egypt, Syria, and the Hejaz (western Arabia). In Egypt, where he arrived by the land route via Tunis and Tripoli, an irresistible passion for travel was born in his soul, and he decided to visit as many parts of the world as possible, setting as a rule ânever to travel any road a second time.â His contemporaries traveled for practical reasons (such as trade, pilgrimage, and education), but Ibn Battuta did it for its own sake, for the joy of learning about new countries and new peoples. Moving by sea, by camel caravan and on foot, he ventured into over 40 modern day nations, often putting himself in extreme danger just to satisfy his wanderlust. Ibn Baá¹á¹Å«á¹ah was born into a family of qadis, Muslim judges who enjoyed significant civil authority at the time. Having never ventured to a large non-Muslim city, he was stunned by the “almost innumerable” collection of Christian churches within its walls. The local customs of recently converted people did not fit his orthodox Muslim background. From Turkey, Battuta crossed the Black Sea and entered the domain of a Golden Horde Khan known as Uzbeg. He received the traditional juristic and literary education in his native town of Tangier. Skildringane hans av reiser gjennom Afrika og Asia mellom 1325 og 1354, gjev eit godt bilde av den muslimske verda på denne tida. (Credit: Lanmas/Alamy Stock Photo). Leaving his homeland at the age of 21 to make the holy pilgrimage to Mecca, he performed a series of extraordinary journeys that spanned nearly three decades and took him as far away as India and China, but also to the Volga River valley and south to Tanzania. Though not particularly popular in its day, the book now stands as one of the most vivid and wide-ranging accounts of the 14th century Islamic world. This port city on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean lies 45 miles west of the Medi-terranean Sea. Embarking on a boat in Jiddah, he sailed with a retinue of followers down both shores of the Red Sea to Yemen, crossed it by land, and set sail again from Aden. His travels might have ended there, but having completed his pilgrimage, he decided to continue wandering the Muslim world, or “Dar al-Islam.” Battuta claimed to be driven by a dream in which a large bird took him on its wing and “made a long flight towards the east…and left me there.” A holy man had interpreted the dream to mean that Battuta would roam across the earth, and the young Moroccan intended to fulfill the prophecy. Battuta began his journey riding solo on a donkey, but soon linked up with a pilgrim caravan as it snaked its way east across North Africa. He also relied on original sources, relating historical events told to him in the courts of the world, such as the capture of Delhi and the devastations of Genghis Khan. Along the way, 82 Hindu bandits attacked his group of 22. 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