Elements in arrays are frequently referred to by their index number, which is the position in which they reside in the array. Instead, bash provides a special operator who does all the work for us. bash documentation: Accessing Array Elements. No, you need not count them all. When using arrays, one must know how many elements are present in the array. We can combine read with IFS (Internal Field Separator) to define a delimiter. Arrays are indexed using integers and are zero-based. As if this was not complicated enough, with "declare -p", you do not get the type or the original variable. The Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. By asking for indexes not in the array you either create an array with indexes missing, ie 0,1,3,6,7,9 This would then mean you have "holes" at positions - 2,4,5,8 and nothing in any index after 9 However, you create your array using the following: Bash does not support multi-dimensional arrays, but there is a way to imitate this functionality, if you absolutely have to. An array is a variable that can hold multiple values, where each value has a reference index known as a key. There are the associative arrays and integer-indexed arrays. Arrays in Bash. Execute the script. These index numbers are always integer numbers which start at 0. Since bash 4.3 it is not that easy anymore. You don't need this declare -p command in your real script. As a quick example, here’s a data table representing a two-dimensional array. Bash arrays have numbered indexes only, but they are sparse, ie you don't have to define all the indexes. Any variable may be used as an array; the declare builtin will explicitly declare an array. Since bash does not discriminate string from a number, an array can contain a mix of strings and numbers. This is a pretty common problem in bash, to reference array within arrays for which you need to create name-references with declare -n.The name following the -n will act as a nameref to the value assigned (after =).Now we treat this variable with nameref attribute to expand as if it were an array and do a full proper quoted array expansion as before. There is no maximum limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned contiguously. Now the myarray contains 3 elements so bash split string into array was successful # /tmp/split-string.sh My array: string1 string2 string3 Number of elements in the array: 3 . echo "${array[@]}" Print all elements as a single quoted string In Bash, there are two types of arrays. 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