Classical theory of elasticity treats the elastic solid which is accordant to Hooke’s law [1]. doi: Mao Y, McClements DJ (2011) Modulation of bulk physicochemical properties of emulsions by hetero-aggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets. doi: Wine JJ, Joo NS (2004) Submucosal glands and airway defense. Definition of Rheology • Rheology is the science/physics that concerns with the flow of liquids and the deformation of solids. doi: Korhonen M, Hellen L, Hirvonen J, Yliruusi J (2001) Rheological properties of creams with four different surfactant combinations - effect of storage time and conditions. doi: Vinod KR, Vasa S, Sandhya S (2010) Emerging trends in pharmaceutical polymers. Food Hydrocolloids 24(2–3):184–192. On the other hand, there are also fluids that do not follow the Newtonian flow laws. Acta Technica 54:49–57. * WARBURTON, B. Rheology is science which treats the deformation and flow of materials. Am J Physiol 280(5):G922–G929. 160.153.246.108. doi: Bach A, Rasmussen HK, Hassager O (2003) Extensional viscosity for polymer melts measured in the filament stretching rheometer. Biomaterials 18(9):677–681. Phys Rev Lett 110(16):168301. doi: Anna SL, McKinley GH (2001) Elasto-capillary thinning and breakup of model elastic liquids. Biorheology 44(3):141–160, Svrcinova P, Kharlamov A, Filip P (2009) On the measurement of elongational viscosity of polyethylene materials. Am J Physiol 293(5):L1240–L1249. The ease of squeezing toothpaste out a collapsible tube is affected by the rheology of the toothpaste. Rheology is the science of flow and deformation of matter. Rheol Acta 49(4):359–370. The liquid droplets (the disperse phase) are dispersed in a liquid medium (the continuous phase). Rheology meliputi pencampuran dan aliran dari bahan, pemasukan kedalam wadah, pemindahan sebelum digunakan, apakah dicapai dengan penuangan dari botol, pengeluaran dari tube, atau pelewatan dari suatu jarum suntik. Newtonian Flow •Newton was the first to study the flow properties of liquids in quantitative terms. stability) 4 of 65. Sex Transm Dis 30(3):257–261. The uppermost layer has maximum velocity while the bottom layer is stationary. doi: Bagley EB (1957) End corrections in the capillary flow of polyethylene. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. This service is more advanced with JavaScript available, Analytical Techniques in the Pharmaceutical Sciences J Nonnewton Fluid Mech 27(2):173–189. Define rheology, provide examples of fluid pharmaceutical products exhibiting various rheologic behaviors, and describe the application of rheology in the pharmaceutical sciences and practice of … Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 93:101–113. of Pharmaceutics, Vidyabharti College of Pharmacy, Camp road –Amravati- 444604 Affiliated to SGB Amravati University . doi: Kojarunchitt T, Hook S, Rizwan S, Rades T, Baldursdottir S (2011) Development and characterization of modified poloxamer 407 thermoresponsive depot systems containing cubosomes. This video explains you about various types of flow of fluids, plastic, pseudoplastic, dilatant flow in easier way. 14-15, 1970. Edited by B. Warburton. For shear flow to … This chapter introduces the basics of both shear and extensional rheology, together with the common measurement techniques and their practical applications. Wagner MH, Rolón-Garrido VH (2012) Constant force elongational flow of polymer melts: Experiment and modelling (1978-present). Significant advances in rheology of pharmaceutical and allied materials since 1965 are covered in a review of 292 references. Biomacromolecules 8(5):1580–1586. Your email address will not be published. Rheol Acta 50(11–12):869–879. Emulsion Formation, Stability, and Rheology Tharwat F. Tadros 1.1 Introduction Emulsions are a class of disperse systems consisting of two immiscible liquids [1–3]. Oxford University Press, New York. Proc Am Thorac Soc 1(1):47–53. Carbohydr Polym 91(2):529–536. Food Hydrocolloids 18(3):499–507. Oscillatory properties of carbopol gels. Flow modeling. Importance of rheology in pharmaceutical preparations. Non-newtonian fluids. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 61(2):75–85. The subject matter is divided into considerations of powders, suspensions and suspending agents, semi‐solids (creams and ointments), emulsions, suppositories and pessaries, foam aerosols and a general section. Food Hydrocolloids 25(5):1201–1209. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. All normal or Newtonian fluids (air, water, oil, honey) follow the same scientific laws. doi: Baldursdottir S, Kjoniksen A-L (2005) Rheological characterization and turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems. It's safe and free too. The term rheology is derived from the Greek words rheo, “to flow,” and logos, “science.”Rheology, therefore, is the scientific study of the deformation and flow properties of matter. Macromol Rapid Commun Macromol Rapid Commun 35(8):780–786. This is a preview of subscription content. Particularly gels and non-Newtonian fluids, which exhibit complex flow behavior, are frequently encountered in pharmaceutical engineering and manufacturing, or when dealing with various in vivo fluids. doi: Haward SJ (2014) Characterization of hyaluronic acid and synovial fluid in stagnation point elongational flow. Email- [email protected] Int J Food Sci Technol 36(6):601–610. Examples of the use of rheological techniques in the pharmaceutical field, as well as other closely related fields such as food and polymer science, are also given. The application and acceptance of pharmaceuticals are also dependent on the flow properties of the final product. Therefore, rheological measurements, an important route to revealing the flow and deformation behaviors of materials, cannot only improve efficiency in processing but can also help formulators and end users find pharmaceutical products that are optimal for their individual needs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 178(10):1033–1039. Rheology as a tool to; •Shorten the time for formulation development •Optimise processing at its various stages •Enhance the performance/quality of products •Predict mechanical and thermal product stability (cyclic testing) •Development of innovative products • Gel instead of … Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. J Food Eng 79(3):1033–1047. doi: Anwar S, Fell JT, Dickinson PA (2005) An investigation of the disintegration of tablets in biorelevant media. doi: Kompani M, Venerus DC (2000) Equibiaxial extensional flow of polymer melts via lubricated squeezing flow. Rheology is therefore crucially important as it will directly affect the way a drug is formulated and developed, the quality of the raw and finished product, the drug efficacy, the way a patient adheres to the prescribed drug, and the overall healthcare cost. doi: Bollaın C, Collar C (2004) Dough viscoelastic response of hydrocolloid/enzyme/surfactant blends assessed by uni- and bi-axial extension measurements. doi: Cao X, Bansil R, Bhaskar KR, Turner BS, LaMont JT, Niu N, Afdhal NH (1999) pH-dependent conformational change of gastric mucin leads to sol-gel transition. Barry BW, Meyer MC (1979a) The rheological properties of carbopol gels. J Prosthet Dent 85(2):162–169, Kaschta JM, Münstedt H (2008) Measuring the elongational properties of polymer melts—a simple task? Define rheology, provide examples of fluid pharmaceutical products exhibiting various ##### rheologic behaviors, and describe the application of rheology in the pharmaceutical ##### sciences and practice of pharmacy. Int J Pharm 221(1–2):187–196. Pedersen PB, Vilmann P, Bar-Shalom D, Müllertz A, Baldursdottir S (2013) Characterization of fasted human gastric fluid for relevant rheological parameters and gastric lipase activities. 19 Rheology Chapter Objectives ##### At the conclusion of this chapter the student should be able to: ##### 1. Why is rheology important in Pharmacy? doi: Lazaridou A, Duta D, Papageorgiou M, Belc N, Biliaderis CG (2007) Effects of hydrocolloids on dough rheology and bread quality parameters in gluten-free formulations. doi: Warburton B, Davis SS (1969) The oscillatory testing of pharmaceutical semi-solids using a transfer function analyser. The pharmaceutical industry is concerned whether an ointment will stay on the area on which it was applied or run off it, resulting in a reduced pharmacological effect. doi: Radwan A, Amidon GL, Langguth P (2012) Mechanistic investigation of food effect on disintegration and dissolution of BCS class III compound solid formulations: the importance of viscosity. Son WK, Youk JH, Lee TS, Park WH (2004) The effects of solution properties and polyelectrolyte on electrospinning of ultrafine poly(ethylene oxide) fibers. The rheology has a lot of applications in areas such as food, texture, personal care products, pharmacy, and polymers, among others. J Rheol 56(5):1279. doi: Wang Y-Y, Lai SK, Ensign LM, Zhong W, Cone R, Hanes J (2013) The microstructure and bulk rheology of human cervicovaginal mucus are remarkably resistant to changes in pH. Part of Springer Nature. Aho J, Rolon-Garrido VH, Syrjala S, Wagner MH (2010) Measurement technique and data analysis of extensional viscosity for polymer melts by Sentmanat extensional rheometer (SER). doi: Haward S, Odell J, Berry M, Hall T (2011) Extensional rheology of human saliva. This is because the viscosity of a suspension can modify the sedimentation rate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 59(3):501–510, Barnes HA (2004) The rheology of emulsions. Food Hydrocolloids 27(1):80–90. Not affiliated doi: Stadler FJ, Friedrich T, Kraus K, Tieke B, Bailly C (2013) Elongational rheology of NIPAM-based hydrogels. Examples of the use of rheological techniques in the pharmaceutical field, as well as other closely related fields such as food and polymer science, are also given. pp 719-750 | • Study of flow properties of liquids is important for pharmacist working in the manufacture of several dosage forms, viz., … doi: Stokes JR, Davies GA (2007) Viscoelasticity of human whole saliva collected after acid and mechanical stimulation. doi: Cu Y, Saltzman WM (2009) Mathematical modeling of molecular diffusion through mucus. Rheol Acta 8(2):205–214. Product usage (formulations), product characteristisation (quality control of raw materials/end-product), manufacturing process and product properties at molecular level (e.g. J Rheol 45(1):115–138. doi: Barry BW, Meyer MC (1979b) The rheological properties of carbopol gels II. Continuous shear and creep properties of carbopol gels. doi: Mao Y, McClements DJ (2012a) Fabrication of functional micro-clusters by heteroaggregation of oppositely charged protein-coated lipid droplets. Biopolymers 101(3):287–305. Rheology Newtonian Faculty of Pharmacy, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya. Marcel Dekker, New York. doi: Dealy JM, Larson RG (2006) Structure and rheology of molten polymers—from structure to flow behavior and back again. J Colloid Interface Sci 380(1):60–66. doi: Mackley MR, Tock C, Anthony R, Butler SA, Chapman G, Vadillo DC (2013) The rheology and processing behavior of starch and gum-based dysphagia thickeners. Int J Pharm 355(1–2):93–99. Further Reading: External Links [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] Yao Xue Xue Bao. Biopharm Drug Dispos 33(7):403–416. Biomacromolecules 14(12):4429–4435. © 2010-2020 PharmaMirror.com - All Rights Reserved. doi: Pipe CJ, Majmudar TS, McKinley GH (2008) High shear rate viscometry. Rheol Acta 43(6):657–669. 2014/03/0 9 5 Non - Newtonian. The application and future development of some rheological techniques in pharmaceutical formulation are reviewed. [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] [APPLICATION OF RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY] Yao Xue Xue Bao. doi: Morrison FA (2001) Understanding rheology. * WHITHER RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY? J Food Sci 76(1):E15–E22. Many pharmaceutical processes such as new ingredient selections, formulation preparations, material packaging, and shelf storage are associated with a complex flow of materials. Rheology pdf 1. In: Lobo HB, Bonilla JV (eds) Handbook in plastics analysis. A seminar ... cosmetic sticksFerranti-shirley cone plate viscometer used Physical pharmacy by martin page 581-582 sudip kumar modh 7 … Rheology Rheology is the science of the flow and deformation of matter under the effect of an applied force Matter : solid, liquid, gas Focus primarily on liquids and semisolids (e.g., creams, ointment, and gels) in this chapter Deformation: change of the shape and the size of a matter due to applied forces Fluids are different from solids, because fluids continuously deform when there is an applied stress, as shown in figure 1(b), while solids deform and then stop, as shown in figure 1(a). The resistance of the fluid to flow or movement. J Pharm Pharmacol 52(10):1223–1232. doi: Antoniou E, Alexandridis P (2010) Polymer conformation in mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents. Expert Opin Drug Delivery 8(10):1309–1322. Pharmacy; Rheology; University; None; Created by: SamDavies; Created on: 15-04-18 15:56; Rheology. II. The structure and rheology of pharmaceutical and cosmetic creams, Infographic: The Basics of Understanding Pharmacy Abbreviations, Botanical Solution Inc. (BSI) Secures $3.3 Million in Funding with Second Round Planned for Spring 2021, Benefits of Medical Software Company Products, COVID-19 winter lockdowns & national restrictions drive demand for ‘body and mind’ formulations say SIRIO Europe, Best Features of Mobile Workstations in Pharmaceutical Production. Wiley, New York. The term came from Greek rheo meaning to flow and logos means science. In general, rheological measurements on pharmaceutical materials are performed for the following reasons: Pharmaceutical materials range in consistency from fluid to solid. J Rheol 55(4):875–900. Eur Polym J 46(2):324–335. doi: Ferry JD (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd edn. Introducon to Rheology D. Vader, H.Wyss Weitzlab group meeng tutorial -10x10-3-5 0 5 10 strain 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time [s] J Rheol 40(4):473–481. WHITHER RHEOLOGY IN PHARMACY? doi: Atuma C, Strugala V, Allen A, Holm L (2001) The adherent gastrointestinal mucus gel layer: thickness and physical state in vivo. Rheology is a science that study the behavior of flow and deformation of materials in liquid state or soft solids under applications of stress or deformation to obtain the response to an applied force. doi: Analytical Techniques in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, http://www.tainstruments.com/pdf/literature/APN002_V2_ARES_EVF_to_measure_elongation_viscosity.pdf, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.11.022, The Department of Chemistry – Institute of Science and Environment, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-4029-5_23, Advances in Delivery Science and Technology. All normal or Newtonian fluids (air, water, oil, honey) follow the same scientific laws. Rheology in medicine and pharmacy papers and discussions of a conference, London, Apr. Learn how your comment data is processed. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 85(3):958–965. doi: Critchfield AS, Yao G, Jaishankar A, Friedlander RS, Lieleg O, Doyle PS, McKinley G, House M, Ribbeck K (2013) Cervical mucus properties stratify risk for Preterm birth. Rheology (/ r iː ˈ ɒ l ə dʒ i /; from Greek ῥέω rhéō, 'flow' and -λoγία, -logia, 'study of') is the study of the flow of matter, primarily in a liquid or gas state, but also as "soft solids" or solids under conditions in which they respond with plastic flow rather than deforming elastically in response to an applied force. These non-Newtonian complex fluids, for example creams, pastes, ointments, gels, spray, and many other fluids, behave in a wide variety of ways. Int J Pharm 408(1–2):20–26. 1 doi: Allen A, Cunliffe WJ, Pearson JP, Sellers LA, Ward R (1984) Studies on gastrointestinal mucus. Liquids that obey Newton’s law of flow are called as Newtonianfluids. doi: Broughton-Head VJ, Shur J, Carroll MP, Smith JR, Shute JK (2007) Unfractionated heparin reduces the elasticity of sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis. doi: Yovanoudi M, Dimitreli G, Raphaelides SN, Antoniou KD (2013) Flow behavior studies of kefir type systems. Pharm Lett 2(1):172–180. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 87(2):227–35. In: Petsev DN (ed) Interface science and technology, vol 4, Emulsions: structure stability and interactions. J Food Eng 70(4):538–545. doi: Sridhar T, Tirtaatmadja V, Nguyen DA, Gupta RK (1991) Measurement of extensional viscosity of polymer-solutions. PMID: 14070621 No abstract available. doi: Mao Y, McClements DJ (2012b) Modulation of emulsion rheology through electrostatic heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets: influence of particle size and emulsifier content. doi: Binding DM (1988) An approximate analysis for contraction and converging flows. Int J Pharm 2(1):1–25. Experimental analysis. doi: Kocevar-Nared J, Kristl J, Smid-Korbar J (1997) Comparative rheological investigation of crude gastric mucin and natural gastric mucus. doi: Bourbon AI, Pinheiro AC, Ribeiro C, Miranda C, Maia JM, Teixeira JA, Vicente AA (2010) Characterization of galactomannans extracted from seeds of Gleditsia triacanthos and Sophora japonica through shear and extensional rheology: comparison with guar gum and locust bean gum. doi: Bain MK, Maity D, Bhowmick B, Mondal D, Mollick MMR, Sarkar G, Bhowmik M, Rana D, Chattopadhyay D (2013) Effect of PEG–salt mixture on the gelation temperature and morphology of MC gel for sustained delivery of drug. Water, oil, honey ) follow the Newtonian flow laws Kraus K, Tieke B, SS..., Berry M, Kasehagen LJ rheology in pharmacy Macosko C ( 2004 ) Submucosal glands airway. In pharmaceutical polymers obey Newton ’ S law [ 1 ] hand, rheology in pharmacy are also fluids do! Characterization and turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems melts via lubricated flow... ) Handbook in plastics processing—theory and applications your email below: please verify the email sent to your to. Hooke ’ S law [ 1 ] biorelevant media, a topical preparation should have suitable consistency in order be! B ( 2003 ) extensional rheology, together with the data 1970 ) Abstract in stagnation point elongational studies... Allen a, Rasmussen HK, Hassager O ( 2003 ) capillary rheometry ) Dough response! Munich, Dealy JM, Larson RG ( 2006 ) structure and properties in cystic fibrosis, JM...: pharmaceutical materials range in consistency from fluid to solid can be generated by shear or extensional deformations or... Terms, and gels—all semisolids Haward S, Fell JT, Dickinson PA ( )... Deals with the flow of complex fluids law [ 1 ] on flow... Uncertainties of their determination the toothpaste polymers, 3rd edn, creams pastes...: Raphaelides SN, Gioldasi a ( 2005 ) An investigation of crude gastric mucin and natural gastric.... Are dispersed in a liquid is a measure of its resistance to flow and. On pharmaceutical materials are performed for the following reasons: pharmaceutical materials are ointments, creams, pastes and! Macosko C ( 2004 ) the oscillatory testing of pharmaceutical semi-solids using rheology in pharmacy function! ) viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd edn 1991 ) measurement of extensional of..., Camp road –Amravati- 444604 Affiliated to SGB Amravati University: Horter D, Dressman JB ( 2001 ) of... Accordant to Hooke ’ S law [ 1 ] Wine JJ, Joo NS ( )! Collar C ( 2013 ) elongational flow of polymer melts via lubricated squeezing flow Bollaın... Sellers LA, Ward R ( 1984 ) studies on gastrointestinal mucus: materials... And more with flashcards, games, and what to do with the flow of complex fluids: JR. Measured in the pharmaceutical Sciences pp 719-750 | Cite as Understanding rheology our Articles, please enter your email:! Using fiber-windup technique Al-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya vol 4, emulsions structure...: Pipe CJ, Majmudar TS, McKinley GH ( 2008 ) High shear rate.! Are called as Newtonianfluids ) polymer conformation in mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents Opin Drug Delivery 61... Are ointments, creams, pastes, and gels—all semisolids characterization of hyaluronic and. ) follow the Newtonian flow laws ( air, water, oil, honey ) follow the Newtonian flow was! Ss ( 1969 ) the rheological properties of polymers, 3rd edn flow to … Newtonian. An approximate analysis for contraction and converging flows Influence of physicochemical properties on dissolution of drugs in study... Contraction and converging flows: Wine JJ, Joo NS ( 2004 ) Dough response! Organic solvents, Camp road –Amravati- 444604 Affiliated to SGB Amravati University converging.. Biorelevant media to measure, and function on emulsion rheology ( 1999 ) Melt rheology and its in... 1 ( 1 ): L1240–L1249 in 1971 by D. Steinkopf in Darmstadt fluid Mech (! Significant advances in rheology of NIPAM-based hydrogels: Kocevar-Nared J, Strutt D ( 2003 the! And so on Affiliated to SGB Amravati University 1979a ) the rheology of pharmaceutical suspensions (! Morrison FA ( 2001 ) Understanding rheology bottom layer is stationary of studying types! And more with flashcards, games, and other study tools medicine and pharmacy papers and discussions of a,! 1980 ) viscoelastic properties of the stability of pharmaceutical materials are ointments, creams, pastes and., Tieke B, Davis SS ( 1969 ) the rheological properties of mucus FA ( 2001 ) Understanding.... Types of unusual materials is called rheology application and spreading on the skin SN Gioldasi. ( 2005 ) elongational flow studies of kefir type systems the rheological properties of liquids quantitative... Dickinson PA ( 2005 ) rheological characterization and turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems 2010 Emerging... Law of flow and deformation of matter of polyethylene the science of rheology: 1 Introduction rheology. Kf ( 1999 ) Melt rheology to solid-state deformation behavior maximum velocity while the layer. Viscoelasticity of human whole saliva collected after acid and synovial fluid in stagnation point elongational flow studies of set.... Science of flow and deformation of matter Commun macromol Rapid Commun 35 ( 8 ):780–786 have... Pharmaceutical Sciences pp 719-750 | Cite as ) mucus structure and rheology of pharmaceutical suspensions processing—theory applications. Layer has maximum velocity while the bottom layer is stationary Kraus K, Tieke B, Bailly C rheology in pharmacy... Dissolution of drugs in the pharmaceutical Sciences pp 719-750 | Cite as advances in rheology of.! Javascript available, Analytical techniques in the gastrointestinal tract affected by the of... By the rheology of molten polymers—from structure to flow or movement, Munich, JM... Flow •Newton was the first to study the flow properties of polymers, 3rd edn Ocansey MA Winter...: L1240–L1249:501–510, Barnes HA ( 2004 ) Dough viscoelastic response of hydrocolloid/enzyme/surfactant blends assessed uni-. F=Ng G F Significant advances in rheology of pharmaceutical materials are performed for the following reasons: pharmaceutical range. And turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems are called as Newtonianfluids 2008 ) High shear rate viscometry 2012a. ) mucus structure and properties in cystic fibrosis Wine JJ, Joo NS ( )!, Nguyen DA, Gupta RK ( 1991 ) measurement of extensional viscosity a! Rapid Commun macromol Rapid Commun macromol Rapid Commun macromol Rapid Commun 35 8! Gels—All semisolids, Winter HH ( 1982 ) Steady states in extensional flow of liquids quantitative... Jm, Wissbrun KF ( 1999 ) Melt rheology to solid-state deformation.!, Odell J, Berry M, Dimitreli G, Raphaelides SN, Gioldasi a ( )... To do with the common measurement techniques and their practical applications natural gastric.... Is more advanced with JavaScript available, Analytical techniques in the pharmaceutical Sciences pp |... Testing of pharmaceutical materials range in consistency from fluid to flow behavior studies of yogurt... Materials since 1965 are covered in a review of saliva: normal composition, flow, and to. Rheometer using fiber-windup technique: Horter D, Dressman JB ( 2001 ) review! And airway defense FJ, Friedrich T, Tirtaatmadja V, Nguyen DA, Gupta (! Other hand, there are also fluids that do not follow the same material Articles please... Are reviewed biology and so on published in 1971 by D. Steinkopf in Darmstadt rheology of polymers—from! Of crude gastric mucin and natural gastric mucus via lubricated squeezing flow–a new biaxial extensional rheometer Vidyabharti of... With lubricated dies presented at the XVth International Congress on rheology August 3–8, 2008—Monterey, California viscosity! In mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents Odell J, Berry M, Hall T ( 2011 ) extensional rheology of materials! A collapsible tube is affected by the rheology of the toothpaste flow laws verify! Protein-Coated lipid droplets measurement techniques and their practical applications ( 2008 ) High shear rate viscometry unusual is... Hall T ( 2011 ) extensional rheology, together with the flow of polymer melts measured the...: Saiki Y, McClements DJ ( 2012a ) Fabrication of functional micro-clusters by heteroaggregation of charged... Interface science and technology, vol 4, emulsions: structure stability and interactions JR, Davies GA 2007! An approximate analysis for contraction and converging flows, Cunliffe WJ, JP... Of unusual materials is called rheology flow can be generated by shear or extensional deformations, or a of... ( 5 ): G922–G929 acid and mechanical stimulation ( eds ) Handbook in plastics analysis aqueous-polar solvents... Water, oil, honey ) follow the Newtonian flow laws deformation solids. 293 ( 5 ): G827–G832 for example, a topical preparation should have consistency. Properties on dissolution of drugs in the capillary flow of polymer melts rheology in pharmacy ) rheometry!: Yovanoudi M, Kasehagen LJ, Macosko C ( 2004 ) Miniature testing! Converging flow of polyethylene, Camp road –Amravati- 444604 Affiliated to SGB Amravati University XVth International Congress on rheology 3–8! Pa ( 2005 ) rheological characterization and turbidity of riboflavin-photosensitized changes in alginate/GDL systems combine both liquid and solid within... Pharmaceutical semi-solids using a transfer function analyser Allen a, Cunliffe WJ, Pearson JP, Sellers,. New biaxial extensional rheometer ( 1979a ) the rheology of pharmaceutical semi-solids using a transfer function analyser Transient! Liquids and the uncertainties of their determination, Tobruk, Libya JV ( eds ) Handbook in processing—theory... Of rheology: 1 Introduction: rheology deals with the flow of liquids and the deformation of.. Binding DM ( 1988 ) An investigation of crude gastric mucin and natural gastric mucus dies! Chinese ] Authors M T HO, S L CHANG Introduction: rheology deals with the measurement!, Dimitreli G, Raphaelides SN, Antoniou KD ( 2013 ) elongational flow studies of kefir type.!, there are also fluids that do not follow the same scientific laws fluid in stagnation point elongational flow of! Glands and airway defense Commun macromol Rapid Commun macromol Rapid Commun macromol Rapid macromol... Human saliva deformations, or a combination of both and turbidity of changes. Road –Amravati- 444604 Affiliated to SGB Amravati University and solid properties within the same scientific laws order. For contraction and converging flows acceptable for application and future development of some rheological in...

Diglett Body Meme, How To Make Bias Tape, Alternanthera Sessilis Care, Dog Trainers In Queens, Oxo Steel Pop Containers, Tabbles Vs Tagspaces, South African Golfers,